Description: The direct and indirect effects of the pandemic have impacted many actuaries’ work since the spring of 2020. This article addresses three considerations actuaries should account for when using risk evaluation models which are focused on projecting remote, highly unlikely losses: model effectiveness, asset risk, and insurance (mortality and mortality) risk.

Description: Describes using the new multi-risk scenario generator to create sensitivity tests at moderately adverse probability levels, resulting in margins to use for PBR.

Description: With the adoption of the C-3 Phase 2 Project of the American Academy of Actuaries, it is now required that stochastic scenarios be developed for establishing reserves for variable annuities. This project has led to the idea of Principle-Based Reserving PBR where many of the same techniques will be used to set life insurance reserves. This article describes the choice of a Random Number Generator RNG to develop the random scenarios.